传输修复：P2P 接收混合有界内存 sink + 发送进度/完成语义修正 + 前端 CJK 文字累积修复 + 传输速度显示

- P2P 接收端（桌面）改用混合有界内存 sink：wails:// 自定义 scheme 无持久 WebView 存储致
  OPFS 降级、createWritable 回压不畅，把接收链堵死、饿死 dc.onmessage → 接收方 rwnd=0 →
  发送方 bufferedAmount 卡死 16MiB（PWA→Mac 约 15MB 死锁）。小文件（暂存 < 256MB）纯内存、
  close 整文件过 Go 写盘；超上限大文件流式 spill 到 Go 临时文件（每 64MB 一批），内存恒定
  有界。浏览器 / iOS 接收仍走 OPFS
- 新增桌面流式落盘：download.go 的 Begin/Append/Finalize/AbortStreamingDownload（复用
  SaveDownload 的目录解析 / 文件名 sanitize / 不可写回退 / reveal，临时文件同目录便于原子
  rename），app.go 加 4 个绑定 + net/desktop.ts 封装；含单测 download_stream_test.go；
  revealInFileManager 加 CDROP_NO_REVEAL 守卫（headless / 测试不弹 Finder）
- IncomingSink.close() 返回 SinkResult（blob ｜ 已落盘 path），新增 deliverIncoming 统一
  落地；relay 接收一并改用，桌面大文件经中继也有界落盘
- P2P 发送端进度改按“已交付字节”（bytesSent − bufferedAmount）计，而非已塞进本地 16MiB
  buffer 的量——后者在 buffer 秒满后定格、误报“疑似卡住”；并加 250ms 轮询在 backpressure
  等待期持续刷新进度
- P2P 发送端送完后等 bufferedAmount 抽干到 0 再宣告 completed（原先入 buffer 即标完成，
  与接收端仍在下载的状态不一致）
- 前端动态 CJK 文本累积修复：聚珍 shim 把就地更新的 CJK 文本节点 charify 拆段后，旧碎片
  残留累积（典型“发送到 X”切设备多出“到”）。新增 DynText（key=文本内容触发整体重挂、
  保留中西排版），应用于发送按钮 / 设备名 / 在线数 / 相对时间 / 会话与令牌活跃时间 / 消息
  计数 / 剪贴板来源 / 问候语等就地更新处
- 传输卡片新增实时速度：store upsertTransfer 据相邻样本差分 + EMA 平滑算 bytesPerSec，
  TransferRow 在字节流动且未卡死时以“X/秒”展示（点分隔 meta 行追加）

desktop/app.go

@@ -332,6 +332,29 @@ func (a *App) SaveDownload(name string, data []byte) (string, error) {
 	return platform.SaveDownload(platform.ResolveDownloadDir(), name, data)
 }
 
+// BeginDownload / AppendDownload / FinalizeDownload / AbortDownload are the
+// streaming counterpart of SaveDownload, bound to the WebView. The receiver's
+// hybrid sink keeps a file in memory until it crosses a cap, then spills the
+// overflow here so large files don't sit in the WebView heap (the wails:// no-OPFS
+// deadlock). Begin opens a temp file in the download dir, Append streams batches
+// (base64 over the bridge), Finalize renames it into place and returns the path,
+// Abort discards it on cancel / failure.
+func (a *App) BeginDownload(sessionId string) error {
+	return platform.BeginStreamingDownload(platform.ResolveDownloadDir(), sessionId)
+}
+
+func (a *App) AppendDownload(sessionId string, data []byte) error {
+	return platform.AppendStreamingDownload(sessionId, data)
+}
+
+func (a *App) FinalizeDownload(sessionId, name string) (string, error) {
+	return platform.FinalizeStreamingDownload(sessionId, name)
+}
+
+func (a *App) AbortDownload(sessionId string) {
+	platform.AbortStreamingDownload(sessionId)
+}
+
 // ChooseDownloadDir opens a native directory picker (title localised by the
 // caller) and returns the chosen path, or "" when the user cancels. The page
 // persists the result via SaveSettings.

desktop/platform/download.go

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import (
 	"path/filepath"
 	"runtime"
 	"strings"
+	"sync"
 )
 
 // SaveDownload writes a received file's bytes into dir (empty → system Downloads),
@@ -102,7 +103,12 @@ func uniquePath(dir, name string) string {
 
 // revealInFileManager opens the OS file manager with the saved file selected.
 // Best-effort: the save already succeeded, so any error here is ignored.
+// CDROP_NO_REVEAL skips the side effect — for headless / CI / test runs that
+// shouldn't pop a Finder/Explorer window.
 func revealInFileManager(path string) {
+	if os.Getenv("CDROP_NO_REVEAL") != "" {
+		return
+	}
 	switch runtime.GOOS {
 	case "darwin":
 		_ = exec.Command("open", "-R", path).Start()
@@ -110,3 +116,159 @@ func revealInFileManager(path string) {
 		_ = exec.Command("explorer", "/select,"+path).Start()
 	}
 }
+
+// Streaming downloads — the receiver's hybrid sink (web/.../incomingSink.ts) keeps
+// a file in memory until it crosses a cap (default 256 MB), then spills to disk
+// through this manager instead of carrying the whole thing in the WebView heap. We
+// can't use SaveDownload for that: it takes the complete bytes at once. The reason
+// the whole hybrid exists is the wails:// scheme has no persistent WebView storage,
+// so OPFS degrades and starves the receive loop (the PWA→Mac ~15 MB deadlock); the
+// fix is to stage bounded memory and stream the overflow into a Go-owned temp file.
+//
+// The temp file lives in the SAME directory as the final target so finalize is an
+// atomic rename, not a cross-device copy. The writable dir is chosen up front (with
+// the same unwritable→system-Downloads fallback as SaveDownload) because once GBs
+// are streamed we can't cheaply switch volumes.
+
+type streamingDownload struct {
+	file *os.File
+	dir  string // the writable dir chosen at Begin; the final file is renamed into it
+	tmp  string // the .part temp path under dir
+}
+
+var (
+	streamMu        sync.Mutex
+	streamDownloads = map[string]*streamingDownload{}
+)
+
+// BeginStreamingDownload opens a .part temp file under a writable download dir for
+// the session. dir == "" → system Downloads; an unwritable dir falls back to system
+// Downloads (mirrors SaveDownload). A stale entry for the same session id is closed
+// and removed first, so a retried transfer never leaks a handle or temp file.
+func BeginStreamingDownload(dir, sessionId string) error {
+	if dir == "" {
+		dir = DefaultDownloadDir()
+	}
+	// Drop any stale handle for this session FIRST (a retried transfer). Its temp
+	// path equals the new one (both derive from the session id), so removing it
+	// after opening the fresh file would delete the file we just created. Clean
+	// up first; openStreamTemp then re-creates the temp via O_TRUNC.
+	streamMu.Lock()
+	if prev, ok := streamDownloads[sessionId]; ok {
+		_ = prev.file.Close()
+		_ = os.Remove(prev.tmp)
+		delete(streamDownloads, sessionId)
+	}
+	streamMu.Unlock()
+
+	f, dirUsed, tmp, err := openStreamTemp(dir, sessionId)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	streamMu.Lock()
+	streamDownloads[sessionId] = &streamingDownload{file: f, dir: dirUsed, tmp: tmp}
+	streamMu.Unlock()
+	return nil
+}
+
+// openStreamTemp creates a writable .part temp file under dir, retrying into the
+// system Downloads dir if dir is unwritable (mirrors SaveDownload's fallback).
+func openStreamTemp(dir, sessionId string) (*os.File, string, string, error) {
+	f, tmp, err := tryStreamTemp(dir, sessionId)
+	if err == nil {
+		return f, dir, tmp, nil
+	}
+	if def := DefaultDownloadDir(); def != dir {
+		if f2, tmp2, ferr := tryStreamTemp(def, sessionId); ferr == nil {
+			return f2, def, tmp2, nil
+		}
+	}
+	return nil, "", "", err
+}
+
+func tryStreamTemp(dir, sessionId string) (*os.File, string, error) {
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(dir, 0o755); err != nil {
+		return nil, "", err
+	}
+	tmp := filepath.Join(dir, ".cdrop-"+sanitizeSessionID(sessionId)+".part")
+	f, err := os.OpenFile(tmp, os.O_CREATE|os.O_TRUNC|os.O_WRONLY, 0o644)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, "", err
+	}
+	return f, tmp, nil
+}
+
+// sanitizeSessionID reduces the peer-supplied session id to filename-safe chars so
+// it can name the .part temp file. It only has to be unique and path-safe, not
+// reversible — the real filename is applied at finalize.
+func sanitizeSessionID(id string) string {
+	var b strings.Builder
+	for _, r := range id {
+		switch {
+		case r >= 'a' && r <= 'z', r >= 'A' && r <= 'Z', r >= '0' && r <= '9', r == '-', r == '_':
+			b.WriteRune(r)
+		}
+	}
+	s := b.String()
+	if s == "" {
+		s = "session"
+	}
+	if len(s) > 64 {
+		s = s[:64]
+	}
+	return s
+}
+
+// AppendStreamingDownload writes a batch of bytes to the session's temp file.
+func AppendStreamingDownload(sessionId string, data []byte) error {
+	streamMu.Lock()
+	d := streamDownloads[sessionId]
+	streamMu.Unlock()
+	if d == nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("no streaming download for session %q", sessionId)
+	}
+	_, err := d.file.Write(data)
+	return err
+}
+
+// FinalizeStreamingDownload closes the temp file and renames it to a non-colliding
+// final name under the same dir (name sanitized like SaveDownload), then reveals
+// it. Returns the absolute path written.
+func FinalizeStreamingDownload(sessionId, name string) (string, error) {
+	streamMu.Lock()
+	d := streamDownloads[sessionId]
+	delete(streamDownloads, sessionId)
+	streamMu.Unlock()
+	if d == nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("no streaming download for session %q", sessionId)
+	}
+	if err := d.file.Close(); err != nil {
+		_ = os.Remove(d.tmp)
+		return "", err
+	}
+	safe := sanitizeFileName(name)
+	if safe == "" {
+		safe = "cdrop-download"
+	}
+	target := uniquePath(d.dir, safe)
+	if err := os.Rename(d.tmp, target); err != nil {
+		_ = os.Remove(d.tmp)
+		return "", err
+	}
+	revealInFileManager(target)
+	return target, nil
+}
+
+// AbortStreamingDownload closes and deletes the session's temp file (cancel /
+// failure path). No-op when the session isn't streaming.
+func AbortStreamingDownload(sessionId string) {
+	streamMu.Lock()
+	d := streamDownloads[sessionId]
+	delete(streamDownloads, sessionId)
+	streamMu.Unlock()
+	if d == nil {
+		return
+	}
+	_ = d.file.Close()
+	_ = os.Remove(d.tmp)
+}

desktop/platform/download_stream_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+package platform
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+// streamAll runs the full Begin → Append* → Finalize cycle for one session into
+// dir and returns the final path. CDROP_NO_REVEAL keeps Finder/Explorer shut.
+func streamAll(t *testing.T, dir, sessionID, name string, chunks ...[]byte) string {
+	t.Helper()
+	t.Setenv("CDROP_NO_REVEAL", "1")
+	if err := BeginStreamingDownload(dir, sessionID); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Begin: %v", err)
+	}
+	for i, c := range chunks {
+		if err := AppendStreamingDownload(sessionID, c); err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("Append %d: %v", i, err)
+		}
+	}
+	path, err := FinalizeStreamingDownload(sessionID, name)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Finalize: %v", err)
+	}
+	return path
+}
+
+func TestStreamingDownload_WritesAllBytes(t *testing.T) {
+	dir := t.TempDir()
+	path := streamAll(t, dir, "sess-1", "greeting.txt",
+		[]byte("hello "), []byte("streamed "), []byte("world"))
+
+	if got, want := path, filepath.Join(dir, "greeting.txt"); got != want {
+		t.Errorf("path = %q, want %q", got, want)
+	}
+	got, err := os.ReadFile(path)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("ReadFile: %v", err)
+	}
+	if want := "hello streamed world"; string(got) != want {
+		t.Errorf("content = %q, want %q", got, want)
+	}
+	// The .part temp must be gone after a successful finalize.
+	if _, err := os.Stat(filepath.Join(dir, ".cdrop-sess-1.part")); !os.IsNotExist(err) {
+		t.Errorf("temp file not cleaned up: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestStreamingDownload_NoCollisionOverwrite(t *testing.T) {
+	dir := t.TempDir()
+	// Pre-existing file with the same name must not be overwritten.
+	if err := os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(dir, "f.bin"), []byte("original"), 0o644); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	path := streamAll(t, dir, "sess-2", "f.bin", []byte("new"))
+
+	if got, want := path, filepath.Join(dir, "f (1).bin"); got != want {
+		t.Errorf("path = %q, want %q", got, want)
+	}
+	orig, _ := os.ReadFile(filepath.Join(dir, "f.bin"))
+	if string(orig) != "original" {
+		t.Errorf("original file was overwritten: %q", orig)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestStreamingDownload_SanitizesTraversalName(t *testing.T) {
+	dir := t.TempDir()
+	// A crafted name with path components must collapse to a bare filename under
+	// dir — it must never escape via "../".
+	path := streamAll(t, dir, "sess-3", "../../etc/evil", []byte("x"))
+
+	if filepath.Dir(path) != dir {
+		t.Errorf("escaped dir: path = %q, dir = %q", path, dir)
+	}
+	if got := filepath.Base(path); got != "evil" {
+		t.Errorf("base = %q, want %q", got, "evil")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestStreamingDownload_AbortRemovesTemp(t *testing.T) {
+	dir := t.TempDir()
+	t.Setenv("CDROP_NO_REVEAL", "1")
+	if err := BeginStreamingDownload(dir, "sess-4"); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Begin: %v", err)
+	}
+	if err := AppendStreamingDownload("sess-4", []byte("partial")); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Append: %v", err)
+	}
+	tmp := filepath.Join(dir, ".cdrop-sess-4.part")
+	if _, err := os.Stat(tmp); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("temp should exist mid-stream: %v", err)
+	}
+	AbortStreamingDownload("sess-4")
+	if _, err := os.Stat(tmp); !os.IsNotExist(err) {
+		t.Errorf("temp file not removed after abort: %v", err)
+	}
+	// A second append after abort must error, not panic or write a stray file.
+	if err := AppendStreamingDownload("sess-4", []byte("late")); err == nil {
+		t.Error("Append after abort: want error, got nil")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestStreamingDownload_ReBeginReplacesStale(t *testing.T) {
+	dir := t.TempDir()
+	t.Setenv("CDROP_NO_REVEAL", "1")
+	// First Begin + partial write, then a second Begin for the same session id
+	// (a retried transfer) must truncate, not append to, the stale temp.
+	if err := BeginStreamingDownload(dir, "sess-5"); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Begin 1: %v", err)
+	}
+	if err := AppendStreamingDownload("sess-5", []byte("STALE")); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Append 1: %v", err)
+	}
+	if err := BeginStreamingDownload(dir, "sess-5"); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Begin 2: %v", err)
+	}
+	if err := AppendStreamingDownload("sess-5", []byte("fresh")); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Append 2: %v", err)
+	}
+	path, err := FinalizeStreamingDownload("sess-5", "out.bin")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Finalize: %v", err)
+	}
+	got, _ := os.ReadFile(path)
+	if !bytes.Equal(got, []byte("fresh")) {
+		t.Errorf("content = %q, want %q (stale bytes leaked)", got, "fresh")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestStreamingDownload_FinalizeUnknownSession(t *testing.T) {
+	if _, err := FinalizeStreamingDownload("never-began", "x"); err == nil {
+		t.Error("Finalize unknown session: want error, got nil")
+	}
+}

web/src/features/clipboard/ClipboardPanel.tsx

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ import {
     RefreshCw,
     Trash2,
 } from "lucide-react";
-import { Button, IconButton, Panel, Tooltip } from "../../ui/primitives";
+import { Button, DynText, IconButton, Panel, Tooltip } from "../../ui/primitives";
 import { toast } from "../../ui/feedback";
 import type { ClipboardState } from "../../store";
 import { t } from "../../i18n";
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ export function ClipboardPanel(props: ClipboardPanelProps)
                     <div className={s.cloud}>
                         <div className={s.metaRow}>
                             <span className={s.metaSize}>{sizeText}</span>
-                            <span className={s.metaFrom}>{fromText}</span>
+                            <span className={s.metaFrom}><DynText>{fromText}</DynText></span>
                         </div>
 
                         {revealed ? (

web/src/features/devices/DeviceStrip.tsx

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import { useMemo, useState, type DragEvent } from "react";
 import { Check, ScanLine } from "lucide-react";
 import { DeviceTypeIcon, StateDot } from "../../ui/glyphs";
 import type { DeviceKind } from "../../ui/glyphs";
+import { DynText } from "../../ui/primitives";
 import type { DeviceInfo } from "../../store";
 import { formatRelative } from "../../utils/format";
 import { t } from "../../i18n";
@@ -41,7 +42,7 @@ export function DeviceStrip(props: DeviceStripProps)
                 <div>
                     <span className={s.headerTitle}>{t("home.deviceList.title")}</span>
                     <span className={s.headerCount}>
-                        {t("home.deviceList.onlineSuffix", { count: onlineCount })}
+                        <DynText>{t("home.deviceList.onlineSuffix", { count: onlineCount })}</DynText>
                     </span>
                 </div>
                 <div className={s.headerActions}>
@@ -51,9 +52,11 @@ export function DeviceStrip(props: DeviceStripProps)
                             className={s.headerSwitch}
                             onClick={() => setShowOffline((v) => !v)}
                         >
-                            {showOffline
+                            <DynText>
-                                ? t("home.deviceList.hideOffline")
+                                {showOffline
-                                : t("home.deviceList.showOffline", { count: offlineCount })}
+                                    ? t("home.deviceList.hideOffline")
+                                    : t("home.deviceList.showOffline", { count: offlineCount })}
+                            </DynText>
                         </button>
                     )}
                     {onLinkDevice && (
@@ -148,9 +151,11 @@ function DevicePort(props: DevicePortProps)
                 <div className={s.meta}>
                     <StateDot tone={device.online ? "online" : "offline"} />
                     <span>
-                        {device.online
+                        <DynText>
-                            ? t("settings.online")
+                            {device.online
-                            : t("settings.lastSeen", { time: formatRelative(device.lastSeen) })}
+                                ? t("settings.online")
+                                : t("settings.lastSeen", { time: formatRelative(device.lastSeen) })}
+                        </DynText>
                     </span>
                 </div>
             </div>

web/src/features/messaging/MessageList.tsx

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import { X } from "lucide-react";
-import { Button } from "../../ui/primitives";
+import { Button, DynText } from "../../ui/primitives";
 import type { MessageRecord } from "../../store";
 import { t } from "../../i18n";
 import { formatRelative } from "../../utils/format";
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ export function MessageList(props: MessageListProps)
                 <div>
                     <span className={s.title}>{t("home.message.title")}</span>
                     <span className={s.count}>
-                        {t("home.message.countSuffix", { count: messages.length })}
+                        <DynText>{t("home.message.countSuffix", { count: messages.length })}</DynText>
                     </span>
                 </div>
                 <Button variant="ghost" size="sm" onClick={onClearAll}>
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ function MessageRow(props: { m: MessageRecord; onDismiss: () => void })
     return (
         <div className={cls}>
             <div className={s.body}>
-                <div className={s.meta}>{arrow} {m.peerName} · {formatRelative(m.sentAt)}</div>
+                <div className={s.meta}>{arrow} {m.peerName} · <DynText>{formatRelative(m.sentAt)}</DynText></div>
                 <div className={`${s.text} justify`} data-jz-level="paragraph">{m.text}</div>
             </div>
             <button

web/src/features/shortcut/ShortcutTokens.tsx

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import { Copy, KeyRound, Plus } from "lucide-react";
 import { apiJSON } from "../../net/api";
 import { t } from "../../i18n";
 import { formatRelative } from "../../utils/format";
-import { Badge, Button, Callout, Panel, TextField } from "../../ui/primitives";
+import { Badge, Button, Callout, DynText, Panel, TextField } from "../../ui/primitives";
 import { toast } from "../../ui/feedback";
 
 type ShortcutTokenView = {
@@ -233,7 +233,7 @@ function TokenRow(props: { token: ShortcutTokenView; revoking: boolean; onRevoke
                             date: new Date(token.expires_at * 1000).toLocaleDateString(),
                         })}
                         {" · "}
-                        {lastUsed}
+                        <DynText>{lastUsed}</DynText>
                     </Text>
                 </Stack>
                 {!token.revoked && (

web/src/features/transfer/Composer.tsx

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { useRef, useState, type DragEvent } from "react";
 import { FileText, MessageSquare, Send, Upload } from "lucide-react";
-import { Button, Panel, Tabs, TextArea } from "../../ui/primitives";
+import { Button, DynText, Panel, Tabs, TextArea } from "../../ui/primitives";
 import { toast } from "../../ui/feedback";
 import { t } from "../../i18n";
 import { formatBytes } from "../../utils/format";
@@ -33,13 +33,21 @@ export function Composer(props: ComposerProps)
 
     // 目标缺失时用 muted 提示而非 error 红 —— 提示职责与发送按钮的 disabled
     // 状态重合时不应双倍渲染告警。允许预输入文件/消息,等用户选完设备再点发送。
+    // 设备名 span 的内容会随切换就地更新，名字含 CJK 时同样会被 shim 拆段累积；key=名字
+    // 让它整体重挂。「发送到 」是常量文本节点、React 从不改写，无需处理。
     const targetLabel = targetDevice
-        ? <>发送到 <span className={s.targetName}>{targetDevice}</span></>
+        ? <>发送到 <span className={s.targetName} key={targetDevice}>{targetDevice}</span></>
         : <span className={s.targetMuted}>{t("home.cta.selectDevice")}</span>;
 
     const canSendFile = !!targetDevice && !!selectedFile;
     const canSendMsg  = !!targetDevice && msgText.trim().length > 0;
 
+    // 「发送到 X」整串是单个文本节点，切换目标设备时 React 原地改写，聚珍 shim 拆出的旧
+    // 碎片会残留累积（多出「到」）。DynText 用 key=文本让其整体重挂、保留排版又消累积。
+    const sendLabel = targetDevice
+        ? <DynText>{t("home.cta.sendTo", { name: targetDevice })}</DynText>
+        : "发送";
+
     const handleSubmitFile = async () =>
     {
         if (!canSendFile) { return; }
@@ -119,9 +127,7 @@ export function Composer(props: ComposerProps)
                         disabled={!canSendFile}
                         onClick={handleSubmitFile}
                     >
-                        {targetDevice
+                        {sendLabel}
-                            ? t("home.cta.sendTo", { name: targetDevice })
-                            : "发送"}
                     </Button>
                 ) : (
                     <Button
@@ -132,9 +138,7 @@ export function Composer(props: ComposerProps)
                         disabled={!canSendMsg}
                         onClick={handleSubmitMsg}
                     >
-                        {targetDevice
+                        {sendLabel}
-                            ? t("home.cta.sendTo", { name: targetDevice })
-                            : "发送"}
                     </Button>
                 )}
             </div>

web/src/features/transfer/TransferRow.tsx

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import type { TransferPhase, TransferRecord } from "../../store";
 import { useAppStore } from "../../store";
 import { t, type TranslationKey } from "../../i18n";
 import { formatBytes } from "../../utils/format";
+import { DynText } from "../../ui/primitives";
 import { cancelTransfer, skipWaitRelay } from "./transfer";
 import { TransferDetails } from "./TransferDetails";
 import s from "./TransferRow.module.css";
@@ -45,6 +46,8 @@ export function TransferRow(props: TransferRowProps)
         && FLOW_PHASES.has(tr.phase)
         && sinceMs >= STALLED_THRESHOLD_MS;
 
+    const status = userFriendlyStatus(tr, stalled, sinceMs);
+    const speed = speedText(tr, stalled);
     const pct = computeProgress(tr);
     const failed = tr.state === "FAILED";
     const done   = tr.state === "DONE";
@@ -92,13 +95,22 @@ export function TransferRow(props: TransferRowProps)
             </div>
 
             <div className={s.meta}>
-                <span className={s.metaItem}>{userFriendlyStatus(tr, stalled, sinceMs)}</span>
+                {/* 状态文案含 CJK 且每秒 / 随 phase 就地更新；DynText 用 key 让其整体重挂，
+                    避免聚珍 shim 拆出的碎片累积（见 DynText）。 */}
+                <span className={s.metaItem}><DynText>{status}</DynText></span>
                 {bytesText(tr) && (
                     <>
                         <span className={s.dot}>·</span>
                         <span className={s.metaItem}>{bytesText(tr)}</span>
                     </>
                 )}
+                {speed && (
+                    <>
+                        <span className={s.dot}>·</span>
+                        {/* 速度含 CJK「/秒」且高频更新，同样过 DynText */}
+                        <span className={s.metaItem}><DynText>{speed}</DynText></span>
+                    </>
+                )}
             </div>
 
             <div className={s.footer}>
@@ -176,6 +188,17 @@ function bytesText(tr: TransferRecord): string
     });
 }
 
+// 瞬时速度文案。仅在字节流动阶段、未卡死、且有正有限速率时给出——卡死时既有「似乎
+// 卡住了」状态已表达停滞，再显示一个陈旧的非零速度会误导。速率由 store 做 EMA 平滑。
+function speedText(tr: TransferRecord, stalled: boolean): string
+{
+    if (stalled) { return ""; }
+    if (!FLOW_PHASES.has(tr.phase ?? "initializing")) { return ""; }
+    const rate = tr.bytesPerSec;
+    if (!rate || !Number.isFinite(rate) || rate <= 0) { return ""; }
+    return t("transfer.bytesRate", { rate: formatBytes(rate) });
+}
+
 function computeProgress(tr: TransferRecord): number
 {
     if (tr.state === "DONE") { return 100; }

web/src/features/transfer/incomingSink.ts

@@ -1,33 +1,65 @@
 // 接收端的字节落地槽，用来避免把整个文件累积到 JS 堆。
 //
-// 背景：iOS Safari 单 tab 内存预算紧；超过后系统会节流 / 暂停 JS 执行，
+// 三条路径，按运行环境选：
-// 导致 SCTP 不再 ack → sender bufferedAmount 撑满 → 死锁（用户实测 24.4 MB
+//   - 浏览器（含 iOS PWA）：流式写 Origin Private File System（OPFS），内存只占
-// 卡住的根因）。改成流式写入 Origin Private File System（OPFS）后内存只占
+//     一个 chunk。iOS Safari 单 tab 内存预算紧，超过即被系统节流 / 暂停 JS → SCTP
-// 一个 chunk，iOS 16+ / Chrome / Firefox 都已支持 createWritable。
+//     不再 ack → sender bufferedAmount 撑满死锁（实测 24.4 MB 卡住的根因），故必须
+//     流式。Safari 16+ / Chrome 102+ / Firefox 111+ 都已支持 createWritable。
+//   - 桌面（Wails WKWebView）：混合有界内存槽。wails:// 自定义 scheme 无持久 WebView
+//     存储，OPFS 在此降级、createWritable().write() 慢且回压不畅，会把接收 promise
+//     链堵住、拖垮主线程到 dc.onmessage 饿死 → 接收方 SCTP rwnd=0 → 发送方
+//     bufferedAmount 卡死在 16 MiB → 传输死锁（实测 PWA→Mac 约 15 MB 卡住）。故桌面
+//     不碰 OPFS：小文件（暂存 < CAP）纯内存累积、close 时整文件过 Go 写盘；越过内存
+//     上限（CAP=256 MB）的大文件改为流式 spill 到 Go 临时文件（每 64 MB 一批），内存
+//     恒定有界。桌面 RAM 充裕，整体不会撑爆堆，又彻底避开 OPFS 那条饿死链路。
+//   - 老浏览器 / OPFS 不可用：退回纯内存累积。
 //
-// 老浏览器 / OPFS 不可用时退回到老的内存累积方案；移动端可能仍然受影响，
+// close() 返回 SinkResult：浏览器 / 桌面小文件返回 Blob（走 downloadBlob——浏览器
-// 但桌面端无碍。
+// 原生下载 / 桌面整文件过 Go 写盘）；桌面已 spill 的大文件返回已落盘绝对路径（文件
+// 已在 Go 侧写好，跳过 Blob）。
 
 import { t } from "../../i18n";
-import { isDesktop, saveIncomingFileDesktop } from "../../net/desktop";
+import {
+    abortIncomingDownloadDesktop,
+    appendIncomingDownloadDesktop,
+    beginIncomingDownloadDesktop,
+    finalizeIncomingDownloadDesktop,
+    isDesktop,
+    saveIncomingFileDesktop,
+} from "../../net/desktop";
 import { toast } from "../../ui/feedback";
 
+// close() 两态结果：blob＝整文件在内存，交给 downloadBlob；saved＝桌面大文件已流式
+// 落盘，path 是最终绝对路径（无需再过 Blob）。
+export type SinkResult =
+    | { kind: "blob"; blob: Blob }
+    | { kind: "saved"; path: string };
+
 export interface IncomingSink
 {
     /** 顺序写一个 chunk；返回的 Promise 只有完全落盘后才 resolve，自然 backpressure */
     write(chunk: ArrayBuffer): Promise<void>;
-    /** 收到 done 帧后调用：finalize + 取出最终 Blob 给浏览器下载 */
+    /** 收到 done 帧后调用：finalize 并返回最终结果（Blob 或已落盘路径） */
-    close(): Promise<Blob>;
+    close(): Promise<SinkResult>;
-    /** 失败 / 取消路径上调用，确保 OPFS 临时文件被删 */
+    /** 失败 / 取消路径上调用，确保 OPFS / 流式临时文件被删 */
     cancel(): Promise<void>;
 }
 
+// 桌面混合 sink 的内存上限与 spill 批大小：暂存达 CAP 即转流式落盘，之后每满一批刷。
+const DESKTOP_MEMORY_CAP = 256 * 1024 * 1024;
+const DESKTOP_FLUSH_BATCH = 64 * 1024 * 1024;
+
 /**
- * 优先 OPFS，失败回退内存。sessionId 用作 OPFS 临时文件名（确保两台设备
+ * 按环境选 sink：桌面走混合有界内存槽（见文件头注释），浏览器优先 OPFS、失败回退
- * 同时收不同会话不会撞文件）。
+ * 内存。sessionId 用作 OPFS 临时文件名 / 桌面流式落盘 key（确保并发会话不撞文件）；
+ * fileName 供桌面 spill 落盘后命名（仅大文件路径用到）。
  */
-export async function openIncomingSink(sessionId: string): Promise<IncomingSink>
+export async function openIncomingSink(sessionId: string, fileName: string): Promise<IncomingSink>
 {
+    if (isDesktop())
+    {
+        return openHybridDesktopSink(sessionId, fileName);
+    }
     // 注意：直接 navigator.storage?.getDirectory 在 TS 下永远 truthy（optional
     // chaining 取的是函数引用，不会调用）。要真探测必须 try-catch 调用。
     if (typeof navigator !== "undefined" && navigator.storage)
@@ -42,6 +74,99 @@ export async function openIncomingSink(sessionId: string): Promise<IncomingSink>
     return openMemorySink();
 }
 
+/**
+ * 桌面混合有界内存槽。小文件（暂存 < CAP）纯内存累积，close 时返回 Blob 交给
+ * downloadBlob（= 既有桌面整文件过 Go 写盘路径）；一旦暂存越过 CAP，转流式落盘——
+ * 把已暂存的全部按 ≤批大小刷给 Go、释放内存，之后每满一批再刷，内存恒定有界。
+ *
+ * write() 由调用方（p2p / relay 的 receiveQueue promise 链）严格串行调用，故内部
+ * 无需再加锁。
+ */
+function openHybridDesktopSink(sessionId: string, fileName: string): IncomingSink
+{
+    let pending: ArrayBuffer[] = [];
+    let pendingBytes = 0;
+    let spilled = false;
+    let closed = false;
+
+    // 从 pending 头部取出至多 DESKTOP_FLUSH_BATCH 字节拼成一块 append 给 Go。
+    // drainAll=true 把剩余全部刷完（spill 起始 / close）；否则只在满一批时刷。
+    const flush = async (drainAll: boolean): Promise<void> =>
+    {
+        while (pendingBytes >= DESKTOP_FLUSH_BATCH || (drainAll && pendingBytes > 0))
+        {
+            let take = 0;
+            const batch: ArrayBuffer[] = [];
+            while (pending.length > 0
+                && (take === 0 || take + pending[0].byteLength <= DESKTOP_FLUSH_BATCH))
+            {
+                const c = pending.shift() as ArrayBuffer;
+                batch.push(c);
+                take += c.byteLength;
+            }
+            pendingBytes -= take;
+            await appendIncomingDownloadDesktop(sessionId, concatChunks(batch, take));
+        }
+    };
+
+    return {
+        async write(chunk)
+        {
+            if (closed) { return; }
+            // 复制一份：底层 ArrayBuffer 来自 dc.onmessage 的 event.data，异步链上
+            // 保留独立副本避免被回收 / 复用。
+            pending.push(chunk.slice(0));
+            pendingBytes += chunk.byteLength;
+
+            if (!spilled)
+            {
+                if (pendingBytes >= DESKTOP_MEMORY_CAP)
+                {
+                    // 越过内存上限：开始流式落盘，把已暂存的全部刷给 Go，转滚动批。
+                    spilled = true;
+                    await beginIncomingDownloadDesktop(sessionId);
+                    await flush(true);
+                }
+                return;
+            }
+            await flush(false);
+        },
+        async close()
+        {
+            if (closed) { throw new Error("sink already closed"); }
+            closed = true;
+            if (!spilled)
+            {
+                // 小文件：从未落盘，整文件还在内存 → Blob 交给 downloadBlob。
+                return { kind: "blob", blob: new Blob(pending) };
+            }
+            await flush(true);
+            const path = await finalizeIncomingDownloadDesktop(sessionId, fileName);
+            return { kind: "saved", path };
+        },
+        async cancel()
+        {
+            closed = true;
+            pending = [];
+            pendingBytes = 0;
+            if (spilled) { await abortIncomingDownloadDesktop(sessionId); }
+        },
+    };
+}
+
+// concatChunks 把若干 ArrayBuffer 拼成一个 Uint8Array（供 base64 过桥）。
+function concatChunks(parts: ArrayBuffer[], totalBytes: number): Uint8Array
+{
+    const out = new Uint8Array(totalBytes);
+    let off = 0;
+    for (const p of parts)
+    {
+        out.set(new Uint8Array(p), off);
+        off += p.byteLength;
+    }
+    return out;
+}
+
 async function openOPFSSink(sessionId: string): Promise<IncomingSink>
 {
     const dir = await navigator.storage.getDirectory();
@@ -70,7 +195,10 @@ async function openOPFSSink(sessionId: string): Promise<IncomingSink>
             await writable.close();
             const file = await handle.getFile();
             // 文件在 OPFS 里仍占空间；download 触发后再删（finalizeIncoming 里调）
-            return new Blob([file], { type: file.type || "application/octet-stream" });
+            return {
+                kind: "blob",
+                blob: new Blob([file], { type: file.type || "application/octet-stream" }),
+            };
         },
         async cancel()
         {
@@ -97,7 +225,7 @@ function openMemorySink(): IncomingSink
         async close()
         {
             closed = true;
-            return new Blob(chunks);
+            return { kind: "blob", blob: new Blob(chunks) };
         },
         async cancel()
         {
@@ -107,6 +235,19 @@ function openMemorySink(): IncomingSink
     };
 }
 
+// deliverIncoming 把 sink.close() 的结果落到用户：已落盘（桌面大文件）只提示路径，
+// 文件已在 Go 侧写好；Blob（浏览器 / 桌面小文件）交给 downloadBlob（浏览器原生下载
+// / 桌面整文件过 Go 写盘）。p2p / relay 的接收完成路径都走这里。
+export function deliverIncoming(result: SinkResult, fileName: string, sessionId: string): void
+{
+    if (result.kind === "saved")
+    {
+        toast.ok(t("transfer.savedTo", { path: result.path }));
+        return;
+    }
+    downloadBlob(result.blob, fileName, sessionId);
+}
+
 /**
  * 触发浏览器下载并把 OPFS 临时文件 + ObjectURL 都安排清理。
  * 60s 给浏览器把 blob 落到用户磁盘的窗口，过短可能导致下载读到一半源被删。

web/src/features/transfer/p2p.ts

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { apiFetch } from "../../net/api";
 import { getICEServers } from "./iceServers";
 import { useAppStore, type CandidateBreakdown, type IceStats, type TransferPhase } from "../../store";
-import { downloadBlob, openIncomingSink, type IncomingSink } from "./incomingSink";
+import { deliverIncoming, openIncomingSink, type IncomingSink } from "./incomingSink";
 
 // WebRTC client wired to the brief §2 invariants:
 //   - iceServers: pulled from lib/iceServers (Cloudflare Realtime TURN over
@@ -91,6 +91,9 @@ class Session
     // → sender 的 bufferedAmount 永远卡在 HIGH。把 store push 限到 10 Hz。
     private storePushScheduled: number | null = null;
     private lastMessageAt = 0;
+    // 发送进度轮询：streamFile 期间每 250ms 刷一次，让"已交付字节"在 backpressure
+    // 等待期间也能平滑爬升、不误报 stalled（见 streamFile / senderDeliveredBytes）。
+    private sendProgressPollId: number | null = null;
 
     constructor(public sessionId: string, public peerName: string, public role: "sender" | "receiver")
     {
@@ -207,7 +210,7 @@ class Session
         if (!cur) { return; }
 
         const isReceiver = this.role === "receiver";
-        const bytes = isReceiver ? this.receivedBytes : this.bytesSent;
+        const bytes = isReceiver ? this.receivedBytes : this.senderDeliveredBytes();
         const lastProgressAt = bytes > (cur.bytesTransferred ?? 0)
             ? Date.now()
             : cur.lastProgressAt;
@@ -237,11 +240,44 @@ class Session
     private emitProgress(): void
     {
         const total = this.role === "sender" ? this.outgoingTotal : (this.receivedMeta?.size ?? 0);
-        const bytes = this.role === "sender" ? this.bytesSent : this.receivedBytes;
+        const bytes = this.role === "sender" ? this.senderDeliveredBytes() : this.receivedBytes;
         for (const cb of this.progressListeners) { cb({ bytes, total }); }
         this.throttledPushUpdate();
     }
 
+    /**
+     * 发送端"已交付字节"＝已离开本地 buffer 的量（bytesSent − bufferedAmount）。
+     * bytesSent 只是"已塞进 dc 的本地 16MiB buffer"，会被 64KB 一片秒满到 16MiB 后
+     * 定格；真正送达网络的是离开 buffer 的部分。用它做进度，进度随接收端实际收程
+     * 平滑爬升，而非跳到 buffer 满就冻住，也避免 backpressure 等待期被误判 stalled。
+     * 单调非降：send 时 bytesSent 与 bufferedAmount 同增（delivered 持平），其余时刻
+     * buffer 抽干使 bufferedAmount 降（delivered 升）。
+     */
+    private senderDeliveredBytes(): number
+    {
+        const buffered = this.dc?.bufferedAmount ?? 0;
+        return Math.max(0, this.bytesSent - buffered);
+    }
+
+    private startSendProgressPoll(): void
+    {
+        if (this.sendProgressPollId !== null) { return; }
+        this.sendProgressPollId = window.setInterval(() =>
+        {
+            if (this.canceled) { this.stopSendProgressPoll(); return; }
+            this.emitProgress();
+        }, 250);
+    }
+
+    private stopSendProgressPoll(): void
+    {
+        if (this.sendProgressPollId !== null)
+        {
+            window.clearInterval(this.sendProgressPollId);
+            this.sendProgressPollId = null;
+        }
+    }
+
     private classifyAndCount(c: RTCIceCandidate | RTCIceCandidateInit, into: CandidateBreakdown): void
     {
         const sdp = (c as RTCIceCandidate).candidate ?? (c as RTCIceCandidateInit).candidate ?? "";
@@ -297,8 +333,9 @@ class Session
                 if (msg.type === "meta")
                 {
                     this.receivedMeta = { name: msg.name, size: msg.size, sha256: msg.sha256 };
-                    // 提前打开 sink；后续 chunk 入队等 sink 就绪
+                    // 提前打开 sink；后续 chunk 入队等 sink 就绪。带上文件名，桌面大文件
-                    this.receiveQueue = openIncomingSink(this.sessionId);
+                    // spill 落盘后据此命名。
+                    this.receiveQueue = openIncomingSink(this.sessionId, msg.name);
                     this.emitProgress();
                 }
                 else if (msg.type === "done")
@@ -364,8 +401,8 @@ class Session
         {
             const sink = await this.receiveQueue;
             if (!sink) { throw new Error("receive sink missing"); }
-            const blob = await sink.close();
+            const result = await sink.close();
-            downloadBlob(blob, this.receivedMeta.name, this.sessionId);
+            deliverIncoming(result, this.receivedMeta.name, this.sessionId);
             this.setState("completed");
             void this.markServerDone(this.receivedBytes);
         }
@@ -433,6 +470,7 @@ class Session
             {
                 // eslint-disable-next-line no-console
                 console.error("p2p send failed", e);
+                this.stopSendProgressPoll();
                 this.setState("failed");
             });
         };
@@ -455,6 +493,11 @@ class Session
         const meta: FileMeta = { name: file.name, size: file.size };
         dc.send(JSON.stringify({ type: "meta", ...meta }));
 
+        // buffer 会被 64KB 一片秒满到 16MiB，之后发送循环长时间阻塞在 waitForBufferLow
+        // 等抽干，期间没有 send、也没有 emitProgress。这个轮询在等待期持续刷新进度，让
+        // "已交付字节"随接收端实际收程平滑爬升、lastProgressAt 保持新鲜，不误报"疑似卡住"。
+        this.startSendProgressPoll();
+
         let offset = 0;
         while (offset < file.size)
         {
@@ -501,8 +544,17 @@ class Session
         }
 
         dc.send(JSON.stringify({ type: "done" }));
-        this.setState("completed");
         this.setPhase("completing");
+        // 抽干整个 buffer（数据 + done 帧）再宣告完成：dc.send 只是入本地 buffer，真正
+        // 送达要等 SCTP 发出。早先送完入 buffer 即 setState("completed")，会在还有多达
+        // 16MiB 在途时就标记完成，与接收端"仍在下载"不一致。等 bufferedAmount 落到 0＝
+        // 字节已全部交付网络，接收端随后 finalize 并 POST /done（那条权威 /done 仍由接收
+        // 端发，这里只在抽干后驱动发送端自身 UI 收尾）。
+        await waitForBufferLow(dc, 0);
+        this.stopSendProgressPoll();
+        this.bytesSent = file.size;
+        this.emitProgress();
+        this.setState("completed");
         // /done is intentionally posted by the *receiver* only — they are the
         // authoritative "got it" signal. Doubling it up here just produces
         // 409 console noise once the receiver's call lands first.
@@ -657,6 +709,7 @@ class Session
             window.clearInterval(this.selectedPairPollId);
             this.selectedPairPollId = null;
         }
+        this.stopSendProgressPoll();
         this.dc?.close();
         this.pc.close();
         this.setState("closed");

web/src/features/transfer/relay.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import { apiFetch } from "../../net/api";
-import { downloadBlob, openIncomingSink } from "./incomingSink";
+import { deliverIncoming, openIncomingSink } from "./incomingSink";
 
 // Relay path (PROJECT_BRIEF.md §M5/M9). Sender uploads sequential 1 MiB chunks
 // via POST and receiver streams the response via GET. Streaming POST is NOT
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ export async function relayReceiveFile(
     expectedSize: number,
     onProgress?: (p: RelayProgress) => void,
     abortSignal?: AbortSignal,
-): Promise<Blob>
+): Promise<void>
 {
     const url = `/api/relay/${encodeURIComponent(sessionId)}/stream`;
     const r = await apiFetch(url, { method: "GET", signal: abortSignal });
@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ export async function relayReceiveFile(
     if (!r.body) { throw new Error("relay: no response body"); }
 
     const reader = r.body.getReader();
-    const sink = await openIncomingSink(sessionId);
+    const sink = await openIncomingSink(sessionId, fileName);
     let received = 0;
     try
     {
@@ -207,7 +207,6 @@ export async function relayReceiveFile(
         try { reader.cancel(); } catch { /* noop */ }
     }
 
-    const blob = await sink.close();
+    const result = await sink.close();
-    downloadBlob(blob, fileName, sessionId);
+    deliverIncoming(result, fileName, sessionId);
-    return blob;
 }

web/src/net/desktop.ts

@@ -41,6 +41,12 @@ interface DesktopBridge
     // data 为 base64：Wails 把 JS 字符串作为 JSON 字符串编码，Go 端 []byte 参数按
     // base64 解码。返回实际写入的绝对路径。
     SaveDownload: (name: string, data: string) => Promise<string>;
+    // 流式落盘（接收端混合 sink 越过内存上限后走这条）：Begin 开临时文件、Append
+    // 追加批次（base64）、Finalize 改名落定返回绝对路径、Abort 取消时丢弃临时文件。
+    BeginDownload: (sessionId: string) => Promise<void>;
+    AppendDownload: (sessionId: string, data: string) => Promise<void>;
+    FinalizeDownload: (sessionId: string, name: string) => Promise<string>;
+    AbortDownload: (sessionId: string) => Promise<void>;
     ChooseDownloadDir: (title: string) => Promise<string>;
     EffectiveDownloadDir: () => Promise<string>;
     // 弹原生系统通知（macOS UNUserNotificationCenter / Windows toast）。标题、正文
@@ -275,6 +281,38 @@ export async function saveIncomingFileDesktop(name: string, blob: Blob): Promise
     return app.SaveDownload(name, b64);
 }
 
+// 流式落盘封装：接收端混合 sink 越过内存上限后，把溢出批次交给 Go 写入临时文件，
+// finalize 时改名落定。begin / finalize 失败抛错（由 sink 走失败路径）；append 在
+// 批次边界调用，base64 过桥同 SaveDownload；abort 吞错（取消路径不应再抛）。
+export async function beginIncomingDownloadDesktop(sessionId: string): Promise<void>
+{
+    const app = bridge();
+    if (!app) { throw new Error("desktop bridge unavailable"); }
+    await app.BeginDownload(sessionId);
+}
+
+export async function appendIncomingDownloadDesktop(sessionId: string, bytes: Uint8Array): Promise<void>
+{
+    const app = bridge();
+    if (!app) { throw new Error("desktop bridge unavailable"); }
+    await app.AppendDownload(sessionId, bytesToBase64(bytes));
+}
+
+export async function finalizeIncomingDownloadDesktop(sessionId: string, name: string): Promise<string>
+{
+    const app = bridge();
+    if (!app) { throw new Error("desktop bridge unavailable"); }
+    return app.FinalizeDownload(sessionId, name);
+}
+
+export async function abortIncomingDownloadDesktop(sessionId: string): Promise<void>
+{
+    const app = bridge();
+    if (!app) { return; }
+    try { await app.AbortDownload(sessionId); }
+    catch { /* 取消 / 失败路径，吞掉 */ }
+}
+
 // chooseDownloadDir 打开原生目录选择框（标题本地化由调用方传入），返回所选目录；
 // 用户取消返回空串。浏览器里 bridge() 为 null，返回空串。
 export async function chooseDownloadDir(title: string): Promise<string>

web/src/routes/index.tsx

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ import { startOutgoingTransfer } from "../features/transfer/transfer";
 import { sendMessage }     from "../features/messaging/messaging";
 import { fetchClipboard, CLIPBOARD_MAX_BYTES } from "../features/clipboard/clipboard";
 import { t } from "../i18n";
+import { DynText } from "../ui/primitives";
 import { toast } from "../ui/feedback";
 import s from "./index.module.css";
 
@@ -89,7 +90,7 @@ function HomePage()
         <Container size="xl" py="lg">
             <div className={s.page}>
                 <h1 className={s.greeting}>
-                    {t("home.greeting", { name: user?.name ?? "" })}
+                    <DynText>{t("home.greeting", { name: user?.name ?? "" })}</DynText>
                 </h1>
 
                 <DeviceStrip

web/src/routes/settings.tsx

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ import {
 import { useAppStore } from "../store";
 import { t } from "../i18n";
 import { formatRelative, isAsciiDeviceName } from "../utils/format";
-import { Badge, Button, Callout, Panel, TextField } from "../ui/primitives";
+import { Badge, Button, Callout, DynText, Panel, TextField } from "../ui/primitives";
 import { StateDot } from "../ui/glyphs";
 import { toast } from "../ui/feedback";
 
@@ -563,7 +563,7 @@ function SessionRow(props: { session: AuthSession; busy: boolean; onRevoke?: ()
                         )}
                     </Group>
                     <Text size="xs" c="dimmed" truncate>
-                        {onlineLabel} · {kindLabel} · {lastUsedText}
+                        <DynText>{onlineLabel}</DynText> · {kindLabel} · <DynText>{lastUsedText}</DynText>
                     </Text>
                 </Stack>
                 {onRevoke && (

web/src/store/slices/transfer.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import type { StateCreator } from "zustand";
-import type { AppState } from "../types";
+import type { AppState, TransferRecord } from "../types";
 import { normalizeTerminal } from "../helpers";
 
 export type TransferSlice = Pick<
@@ -7,6 +7,26 @@ export type TransferSlice = Pick<
     "activeTransfers" | "history" | "upsertTransfer" | "completeTransfer" | "removeTransfer"
 >;
 
+// EMA 平滑系数：瞬时速率抖动大（10Hz 采样 + chunk 边界），取 0.3 让显示稳又不过钝。
+const RATE_EMA_ALPHA = 0.3;
+
+// withRate 在记录落库前算出瞬时传输速度。bytesTransferred 与 lastProgressAt 配对——
+// 后者只在前者增长时刷新为当时墙钟（见 p2p pushUpdate），故相邻两次「有增长」样本的
+// 差分即瞬时速率，再做 EMA 平滑。无增长（仅 iceStats / phase 等更新）则原样保留上次
+// 速率（next 由 {...cur} 展开本就带着它），不污染。
+function withRate(prev: TransferRecord | undefined, next: TransferRecord): TransferRecord
+{
+    if (!prev) { return next; }
+    const prevBytes = prev.bytesTransferred ?? 0;
+    const nextBytes = next.bytesTransferred ?? 0;
+    const prevAt = prev.lastProgressAt ?? 0;
+    const nextAt = next.lastProgressAt ?? 0;
+    if (nextBytes <= prevBytes || nextAt <= prevAt) { return next; }
+    const instant = (nextBytes - prevBytes) / ((nextAt - prevAt) / 1000);
+    const prevRate = prev.bytesPerSec ?? instant;
+    return { ...next, bytesPerSec: RATE_EMA_ALPHA * instant + (1 - RATE_EMA_ALPHA) * prevRate };
+}
+
 export const createTransferSlice: StateCreator<AppState, [], [], TransferSlice> = (set) =>
 ({
     activeTransfers: {},
@@ -16,7 +36,7 @@ export const createTransferSlice: StateCreator<AppState, [], [], TransferSlice>
     {
         set((s) =>
         ({
-            activeTransfers: { ...s.activeTransfers, [t.sessionId]: t },
+            activeTransfers: { ...s.activeTransfers, [t.sessionId]: withRate(s.activeTransfers[t.sessionId], t) },
         }));
     },
 

web/src/store/types.ts

@@ -92,6 +92,9 @@ export interface TransferRecord
     bytesTransferred?: number;
     /** 上一次 bytesTransferred 增长的时刻（ms epoch），UI 据此判 stalled */
     lastProgressAt?: number;
+    /** 瞬时传输速度（字节/秒，EMA 平滑）。由 upsertTransfer 据相邻样本差分算得，
+     *  UI 仅在字节流动且未卡死时展示，避免显示误导性的 0 / 陈旧速率 */
+    bytesPerSec?: number;
     iceStats?: IceStats;
 }
 

web/src/ui/primitives/DynText.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+// DynText —— 动态 CJK 文本的排版安全包装。
+//
+// 聚珍（Juzhen）shim 会把含 CJK 的文本节点 charify 拆成多个 DOM 节点来做中西间距 /
+// 标点对齐。当这段文本**就地更新**（React 改写同一个文本节点、元素本身仍挂载）时，
+// shim 先前拆出的旧碎片成了 React 不再追踪的兄弟节点残留下来，每更新一次就累积一个
+// 多余字——典型如「发送到 X」切换设备后前面多出来的「到」，或每秒 tick 的相对时间。
+//
+// 解法：用 key=文本内容。内容一变，React 就把旧 span（连同里面的 shim 碎片）整体卸载、
+// 挂载一个全新的 span，shim 再对新节点处理一次。既消除累积，又**保留**中西自动间距
+// （不像 data-jz-skip 那样把整段排版关掉）。代价是内容变化时该 span 会重挂，但只是
+// 一截短文本、成本可忽略。
+//
+// 仅用于会就地变化的动态 CJK chrome（状态文案 / 计数 / 相对时间 / 速度 / 设备名等）；
+// 静态一次性文本不会累积，无需包。children 限定为 string —— key 必须是稳定可比较的
+// 原始值，且「内容变＝key 变」正是触发重挂的依据。
+export function DynText(props: { children: string })
+{
+    return <span key={props.children}>{props.children}</span>;
+}

web/src/ui/primitives/index.ts

@@ -21,3 +21,5 @@ export type { TooltipProps } from "./Tooltip";
 
 export { Callout }    from "./Callout";
 export type { CalloutProps, CalloutTone } from "./Callout";
+
+export { DynText }    from "./DynText";